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环绕着南极洲大陆的南大洋在抗击气候变化的行动中发挥着巨大作用。它是最大区域性海洋碳汇之一,这部分要归功于南极磷虾,这是一种位于该区域食物网中心的小型甲壳类动物。
附近 的藻类能捕获大气中的碳,磷虾群 就以这些藻类为食,然后游到水深处,把它们充满碳的排泄物排放到海底。这种方式如同一个巨大的传送带,不断地将碳从水面往水下输送。磷虾群的个体数量可以数万亿计,它们每年向深海中储存的碳相当于万辆汽车的排放量。
不幸的是,磷虾及依赖于磷虾的物种正面临越来越大的威胁,其中包括气候变化,也包括这片海域的工业化捕鱼。
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